What the Wi-Fi standards represent: IEEE 802.11A, 802.11b/g/n and 802.11ac of a wireless router

In the present age, most users who have internet at home, have a wireless network. It is more convenient to connect our laptop in a wireless network (wireless) than sitting with a cable connected to the network card. In addition, smart mobile phones (iPhone & Smartphone) I use Wi-Fi connections, and for some time have appeared on the market and models of laptops that no longer have ethernet port. The one in which the Internet cable is connected to the laptop or PC.

Before I present to you cE means the standards of IEEE 802.11A, 802.11b/g/n and 802.11ac, you need to understand a little and what the terms "wireless" and "wi-fi" represent, I was not surprising to meet people for whom "wireless" and "wi-fi" are synonymous terms.

What does "wireless" and "wi-fi" mean

"Wireless"si"Wi-Fi"They are taken by many as two synonym words. In fact," wireless "refers to any type of radio frequency connection, what is achieved between two or more terminals, without having a physical conductor. A cable. For example, the simple emission-reception stations, use a wireless connection. As well as mobile phones (non-mattephone), which send and receive a signal from an antenna of the mobile operator. Both the emission device and the reception device will be provided with an antenna for capture and signal issuance.
The classic TV remote control, Does not use a wireless signal. Although there is a distance "connection" between her and TV when we button it, it is done by infrared (IR).

"Wi-Fi"Or"WiFi"It's a technology for reletele wireless local (WLAN -Local Wireless Area Network), created between devices what supports IP connections (Internet Protocol) at speeds equivalent to cable ones. Games consoles, mobile phones, tablets, smart TV, printers, alarm systems and many other devices are capable to support this type of connection.
Data packet flow in a Wi-Fi network is supported by a hardware device that has implemntat telecommunications standard IEEE 802.11. In most cases it is about a router, able to transmit data through an IP protocol, to one or more Wi-Fi compatible devices.

Ioee 802.11a, 802.11B / G / N SMIBE 82.11Ac Pentu router-fia

Standard IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers) 802.11 It was introduced by Wi-Fi Alliance, non-profit organization that holds the trademark "Wi-Fi", And certifies the devices that support this technology.

When you decide to buying a router for home or at the office, find on the market appliances that conform to Wi-Fi standards 802.11b/g/n and 802.11ac. Before you give money on a Wi-Fi router, it is very important to understand what these standards represent and how they can help you.

802.11
The first standard WLAN was created in 1997 by IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers). L-au numit “802.11", After the name of the group of developers who worked on its creation.
This standard supports a bandwidth of maxim 2 Mbps on the frequency 2.4 GHz. A very small speed for today's applications. It is simple to understand, why you will not find equipment that have this standard on the market.

802.11b
In July 1999, IEEE launched the 802 .11b standard. An extended version of 802.11, capable of allowing operation at speeds up to 11 Mbps. Close to the speed offered at that time (1999) by Ethernet (cable).
It was a technology well received by the manufacturers of devices, due to the low costs. Despite the fact that using 2.4 GHz irregular frequency, they could appear interference with household apartatele, gen: microwave or with wireless phones. However, if 802.11b is positioned at a reasonable distance from other devices, the risk of interference can be easily avoided.
Therefore, 802.11b is a standard characterized by: low production cost, good signal, but also through low operating speed and the risk of interfere with your appliances Nearby and other devices using the 2.4 GHz band.

802.11a
The second standard is based on the original 802.11, released during the development of 802 .11b. Even though many have the impression that 802.11A appeared after 802.11b, in reality, this standard was launched before. Higher costs of 802 .11A made it less popular than 802.11b, being intended more for relelele within companies.
802.11A supports speeds in a bandwidth of tread to 54 Mbps, in one frequency spectrum Regulated, approximately 5GHz.
This frequency of 5 GHz reduces the signal coverage area, encountering difficulties in penetrating walls and other objects. However, there is the advantage of the higher speed of 54 Mbps and to eliminate the risk of interfering with other household appliances, the latter using the 2.4GHz regulated frequency.
Devices with 802.11a and 802.11b are not compatible with each other. Some manufacturers have chosen to make hybrid devices that support both standards, but they cannot be combined. There are separate standards in the same device.

802.11g
In 2002 and 2003 the new products with the market WLAN on the new 802.11g standard.
Through 802.11g managed combining the 802.11 b 801.11 in one standard that operate up to speeds of 54 Mbps in a frequency spectrum 2.4 GHz. At the same time, this standard is compatible (mutual compatibility) and with the devices using 802.11b, with the help of a wireless network adapter.
Characterized by low costs of production, high speed data transfer, o nereglemntata 2.4 GHz frequency, eliminating the possibility of obstructing the wall signal, but also by risk of interfetente with other devices.

802.11n
This standard is also known as "Wireless N"N“.
In essence it is about all of the technology standard 802.11g, but by attaching more antennas for wireless signal On a device, it reached in 2009 at speeds up to 300 Mbps. A slightly more improved technology, which offers a higher signal power and compatibility with 802 .11b.
Some manufacturers of wireless routers have gone up to the point of attach standards 802.11b/g/n on the same device. This "bouquet" was known as "Draft N"And was implemented by SMC on the famous routers Smc Barricade SMCWBR14-N N.

As a summary, we can characterize 802.11n by a bandwidth of band maxim 300 Mbps, the ability to penetrate obstacles, thanks to the frequency of 2.4 GHz, but also by the risk of interfering with other nearby networks operating on 802.11b/g standards.

802.11ac
Is latest Wi-Fi standard and the most popular on the latest generation devices. 802.11ac uses dual-band wireless technology, being able to support two simultaneous connections, both on the frequency of 2.4GHz and 5GHz.
The great advantages of 802 .11n breadths of ac are band Up to 1,300 Mbps (1.3GB) on the frequency of 5GHz and 450 Mbps on the 2.4GHz. In addition, it offers compatibility with standards 802.11b/g/n.

As a rule, a Wi-Fi router with 802.11ac will have more than three wireless signal antennas, even if they will not be visible. This is also the case of the wireless router Apple AirPort Extreme, which, although compact, hides no less than 6 antennas under the housing.

In theory, there is also the standard IEEE 802.11 ad, approved by WiFi Alliance in 2016, but at the moment it is implemented on a very small number of devices.
802.11ad will support higher speeds up to 7gbps, on a regulated frequency of 60 GHz ISM.

What do you need to know when you buy a router?
First of all you must keep in mind that the speeds specified above for each standard, theoretical speeds are, they can be touched only in optimal environments, in which there are no signal interference or other obstruction of nearby objects. Besides, you will not be able to test a wireless connection of a router holding the standard 802.11ac, if the final device (laptop or PC) does not implement a support for this Wi-Fi standard, again hardware-ul (hard disk, CPU) does not support speeds up to 1,300 Mbps. A laptop with a 5400 rpm hard drive will not be able to reach this speed by far.
Another aspect you need to consider is that the bandwidth of a router is divided between all the devices He connected on the same frequency. Even if more communication channels are opened.
Last but not least, before you buy a wireless router, you are considering Internet subscription offered by your provider If you choose to make an internet subscription has a speed up to 1000 Mbps, then you definitely need a router with the 802.11ac Wi-Fi standard to enjoy a high speed Internet wireless connection.

I had an unpleasant surprise with Orange Romania, which although it offers subscriptions Orange Home 1000, with a speed of 1000 Mbps download and 500 Mbps upload, at the end optical fibers come with the router Huawei Wi-Fi, what does the standard hold 802.11b/g/n in "mixed" mode. This means that the speed in the subscription can only be reached by a laptop or PC cable connection. On the wireless, the maximum speed being at most 300 Mbps with the rigor risks of the interference in the spectrum of the non -irrelevant 2.4 GHz.
As a "bonus", this modem / router does not support the mode "wireless bridge", Which would allow the attachment of another larger power router to take over its tasks.