The future iPhone operating system seems to be a "killer" for the battery. At least in the beta version, iOS 17 excessively consume iPhone battery, so users with iPhone 13 Pro or iPhone 14 Pro put the device charged and 2-3 times a day.
The problem with the rapid carriage of iPhone 14 Pro I had it, until I decided to give up the iOS 17 beta version and reinstall the latest iOS 16. (See here How can you do iOS downgrade).
As I said on several occasions, installing a beta software version for iPhone or any other mobile device comes with a series of risks of security, incompatibilities and excessive battery consumption.
Why iOS 17 excessively consume iPhone battery?
In the beta versions of iOS there is the possibility that some functions or optimizations for battery consumption may not be implemented, which can lead to a higher energy consumption and a shorter battery life. This problem can also lead to the general battery degradation and reduce the time of use over time. IPhone battery health.
The optimization of energy consumption can be both at the operating system level and the optimization of applications for the future software version. When the optimization has not been done, the consumption of energy resources can be unjustified.
For example, users of the Beta IOS 17 version report a very high battery consumption when the Instagram app is opened.

The battery consumption difference between Instagram, Facebook and Safari browser, within an almost equal time, is very good.
If you are in the situation where you have installed iOS 17 beta and the iPhone battery are consumed forces quickly, all you can do is to hope that future applications and operating system will solve this problem. Another option is to do Downgrade at iOS beta at the final stable version.
In conclusion, at least at this time, we can say that iOS 17 excessively consumes the iPhone battery because it is currently in the Beta Development Stage. Surely Apple and iPhone app developers will make efforts to optimize energy consumption as much as possible.