A common problem regardless of the iPhone model you hold, is sound weak or inexistent from the upper internal speaker, during a conversation. The iPhone speaker sounds weak or not at all in calls. Causes can be multiple and fortunately, in many situations The problem can be solved without carrying iPhone in service.
Most of the time, when the iPhone speaker is heard slowly, the problem is the dust deposited on its surface.
To establish the best what is the cause from which the sound is heard weak during a call or heard with interruptions, it is best to do a sound test using a Vocal note recorded. The sound quality can also be influenced by the signal received from the mobile operator or other network problems.
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Sound Test: The iPhone speaker sounds weak or not at all in calls
First of all, we must eliminate this factor using an audio recording that we can play in the internal iPhone speaker used during calls.
How to register and play a voice note with "Voice Memos"
1. Open the app Voice Memos present on all versions iOS.

2. Press the red button to start the audio recording and capture various sounds to play on the iPhone speaker later.
At the end of the recording the same red button (with the square sign) then "then"Done"To save the file.
3. We play the saved audio file, then press on the sign with blue speaker from the upper right side of the app.
Default sound will be played on the speaker (speaker). Pressing on the speaker sign, the sound will be switched on the iPhone call speaker, the one used during calls when you hold the iPhone in your ear.

Next, we press the side button to increase the volume (Volume Up), and we check if the sound in the iPhone speaker is quality.
Cleaning iPhone audio speaker
If the iPhone speaker still sounds weak or not in calls, clean the upper slot of the internal speaker (receiver). In this slot, over time impurities can be collected that can partially or totally block the sound from the internal audio helmet.

From the dust to the foundation or other impurities, they can be gathered in this slot. Use a fine brush and clean this slit without pressing it too hard. Do not use liquids in the receiver's slot!
After cleaning, test the sound quality in the speaker helmet again. If the sound begins to be heard better, it means that the collection of impurities in this hole was the cause.
Another cause from which the iPhone speaker is weak or not at all in calls is an error of the iOS operating system. This can be solved with a simple total closure and restart of the iPhone.
Related: How to make the sound louder on AirPods
I also encountered the situation in which nothing was heard in the iPhone receiver and no sound could be played, whether it was a call or music, a clip on YouTube or another source.
In the upper bar appeared the sign indicating that the headphones were connected (headset), although in the 3.5mm jack hole there was nothing connected. The problem was solved with a toothpick and with great attention. In the 3.5mm hole of the jack, a scam that coupled the headset had entered. Removing it has solved the problem of sound on the iPhone.
I have iPhone XR, when I use the machine in the phone, people who communicate with me say that I do not hear enough and I used Voice Memos as a test and in the bottom speaker with the maximum volume there is a lot of a beam (background noise) and the voice registered very weak but very clear.
With respect, Mihai
I apologize that I forgot to write that this problem with the microphone appeared after the installation of iOS 16.